Mariadb多主一從的創(chuàng)建

2024-09-12 20:30:01

字體：大中小

供稿：網(wǎng)友

目前MySQL依然只支持一個(gè)Slave從一個(gè)Master復(fù)制數(shù)據(jù)，雖然也可以做到一主多備(M->S)，雙主復(fù)制(M<->M)等架構(gòu)，但是局限性依然很大。由于項(xiàng)目的要求，需要各個(gè)主庫的表整合到一個(gè)地方進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析，要是每次連不同的實(shí)例操作，是一件非常耗體力的操作。所以繼續(xù)一種類似多主一從的實(shí)例。

安裝：

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 0xcbcb082a1bb943db

sudo add-apt-repository 'deb http://mirrors.hustunique.com/mariadb/repo/10.0/ubuntu trusty main'

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install mariadb-server

環(huán)境搭建：

Master 1：200.51(MySQL)

Master 2：200.52(MySQL)

Slave   ：200.73(MariaDB) 修改好server-id

確認(rèn)好Master的POS：

M1:

rep@192.168.200.51 : (none) 10:26:11>show master status;

+--------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File               | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+--------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin51.000013 |      107 |              | test             |

+--------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.01 sec)

M2：

rep@192.168.200.52 : r2 10:26:23>show master status;                                                                                   +---------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File                | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+---------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin_52.000106 |      107 |              | test             |

+---------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Slave 操作：

MariaDB [(none)]> change master 'r1' to master_host='192.168.200.51',master_user='rep',master_password='rep123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin51.000013',master_log_pos=107;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.23 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> change master 'r2' to master_host='192.168.200.52',master_user='rep',master_password='rep123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin_52.000106',master_log_pos=107;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.25 sec)

MariaDB的change方法和MySQL有點(diǎn)不一樣，多了一個(gè) ['connection_name'] ，這個(gè)就是多主一從的關(guān)鍵。為每個(gè)主設(shè)置一個(gè)通道標(biāo)識，這樣就可以支持多主復(fù)制了。

如何保存復(fù)制的信息？單主復(fù)制會把復(fù)制信息保存在master.info中，在多主復(fù)制中的保存也類似，只是在最后加上通道標(biāo)識名稱。如：

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 113 11月 17 10:30 master-r1.info

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 11月 17 10:31 master-r2.info

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 248 11月 17 10:30 mysqld-relay-bin-r1.000001

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql   29 11月 17 10:30 mysqld-relay-bin-r1.index

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 248 11月 17 10:31 mysqld-relay-bin-r2.000001

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql   29 11月 17 10:31 mysqld-relay-bin-r2.index

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql   54 11月 17 10:30 relay-log-r1.info

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql   55 11月 17 10:31 relay-log-r2.info

查看同步：

#查看所有通道
MariaDB [(none)]> show all slaves status/G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

              Connection_name: r1

              Slave_SQL_State:

               Slave_IO_State:

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.51

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r1.000001

                Relay_Log_Pos: 4

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

             Slave_IO_Running: No

            Slave_SQL_Running: No

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

              Relay_Log_Space: 248

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 0

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

         Retried_transactions: 0

           Max_relay_log_size: 104857600

         Executed_log_entries: 0

    Slave_received_heartbeats: 0

       Slave_heartbeat_period: 1800.000

               Gtid_Slave_Pos:

*************************** 2. row ***************************

              Connection_name: r2

              Slave_SQL_State:

               Slave_IO_State:

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.52

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin_52.000106

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r2.000001

                Relay_Log_Pos: 4

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin_52.000106

             Slave_IO_Running: No

            Slave_SQL_Running: No

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

              Relay_Log_Space: 248

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 0

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

         Retried_transactions: 0

           Max_relay_log_size: 104857600

         Executed_log_entries: 0

    Slave_received_heartbeats: 0

       Slave_heartbeat_period: 1800.000

               Gtid_Slave_Pos:

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: No query specified

#查看單個(gè)通道

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave 'r1' status/G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State:

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.51

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r1.000001

                Relay_Log_Pos: 4

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

             Slave_IO_Running: No

            Slave_SQL_Running: No

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

              Relay_Log_Space: 248

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 0

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: No query specified

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave 'r2' status/G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State:

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.52

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin_52.000106

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r2.000001

                Relay_Log_Pos: 4

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin_52.000106

             Slave_IO_Running: No

            Slave_SQL_Running: No

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

              Relay_Log_Space: 248

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 0

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: No query specified

開啟同步：

#開啟單個(gè)通道
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave 'r1';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave 'r2';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

#關(guān)閉多個(gè)通道

MariaDB [(none)]> start all slaves;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show warnings;

+-------+------+--------------------+

| Level | Code | Message            |

+-------+------+--------------------+

| Note | 1937 | SLAVE 'r2' started |

| Note | 1937 | SLAVE 'r1' started |

+-------+------+--------------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通過 show all slaves status 命令可知是否同步成功。

關(guān)閉同步：

#關(guān)閉單個(gè)通道
MariaDB [(none)]> stop slave 'r1';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> stop slave 'r2';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

#關(guān)閉所有通道

MariaDB [(none)]> stop all slaves;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.08 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show warnings;

+-------+------+--------------------+

| Level | Code | Message            |

+-------+------+--------------------+

| Note | 1938 | SLAVE 'r2' stopped |

| Note | 1938 | SLAVE 'r1' stopped |

+-------+------+--------------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

多源復(fù)制在原先復(fù)制的基礎(chǔ)上多了幾個(gè)變量，現(xiàn)在來說明下：

MariaDB [(none)]> show all slaves status/G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

              Connection_name: r1                #master的連接名，通道名，第一個(gè)參數(shù)。

              Slave_SQL_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.51

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r1.000005

                Relay_Log_Pos: 396

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

              Relay_Log_Space: 845

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 1

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

         Retried_transactions: 0          #這個(gè)連接重試事務(wù)的次數(shù)

           Max_relay_log_size: 104857600 #relay log的最大值. 如果是0的話，那么在啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候就會被設(shè)置成max_binlog_size 的大小

         Executed_log_entries: 17         #slave已經(jīng)指向了多少個(gè)日志條目

    Slave_received_heartbeats: 0          #我們從master收到了多少個(gè)心跳包

       Slave_heartbeat_period: 1800.000   #多久從master請求一個(gè)心跳包 (以秒計(jì)算)

               Gtid_Slave_Pos:

測試復(fù)制

Master 1:

rep@192.168.200.51 : (none) 01:52:34>show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mha_test           |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| xtra_test          |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

rep@192.168.200.51 : (none) 01:52:37>create database r1 default charset utf8;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

rep@192.168.200.51 : (none) 01:53:36>use r1;

Database changed

rep@192.168.200.51 : r1 01:53:44>create table r1(id int not null auto_increment primary key,name varchar(30))default charset utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.35 sec)

rep@192.168.200.51 : r1 01:54:09>insert into r1(name) values('a'),('b'),('c');

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

rep@192.168.200.51 : r1 01:54:56>select * from r1;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | a    |

| 2 | b    |

| 3 | c    |

+----+------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Master 2:

rep@192.168.200.52 : (none) 01:52:13>create database r2 default charset utf8;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

rep@192.168.200.52 : (none) 01:54:27>use r2

Database changed

rep@192.168.200.52 : r2 01:54:30>create table r2(id int not null auto_increment primary key,name varchar(30))default charset utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.23 sec)

rep@192.168.200.52 : r2 01:54:32>insert into r2(name) values('A'),('B'),('C');

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.28 sec)

Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

rep@192.168.200.52 : r2 01:55:18>select * from r2;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | A    |

| 2 | B    |

| 3 | C    |

+----+------+

3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

Slave:

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| r1                 |

| r2                 |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use r1;

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

MariaDB [r1]> select * from r1;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | a    |

| 2 | b    |

| 3 | c    |

+----+------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> use r2;

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

MariaDB [r2]> select * from r2;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | A    |

| 2 | B    |

| 3 | C    |

+----+------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

同步成功，那如何錯(cuò)誤跳過呢（default_master_connection）？

在Master 1上創(chuàng)建r2數(shù)據(jù)庫，因?yàn)镾lave上存在，所以會報(bào)錯(cuò)：

Master 1：

rep@192.168.200.51 : r1 01:55:52>create database r2 default charset utf8;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

rep@192.168.200.51 : r1 01:59:51>insert into r1(name) values('d'),('e'),('f');

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

rep@192.168.200.51 : r1 02:04:22>select * from r1;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | a    |

| 2 | b    |

| 3 | c    |

| 4 | d    |

| 5 | e    |

| 6 | f    |

+----+------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Slave ：

MariaDB [r2]> show slave 'r1' status/G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.51

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 767

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r1.000005

                Relay_Log_Pos: 956

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: No

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 1007

                   Last_Error: Error 'Can't create database 'r2'; database exists' on query. Default database: 'r2'. Query: 'create database r2 default charset utf8'

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 667

              Relay_Log_Space: 1505

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 1007

               Last_SQL_Error: Error 'Can't create database 'r2'; database exists' on query. Default database: 'r2'. Query: 'create database r2 default charset utf8'

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 1

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> select * from r1;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | a    |

| 2 | b    |

| 3 | c    |

+----+------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

r1的同步失敗了，那r2可以繼續(xù)同步嗎？

Master 2:

rep@192.168.200.52 : r2 01:55:59>insert into r2(name) values('D'),('E'),('F');

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

rep@192.168.200.52 : r2 02:02:19>select * from r2;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | A    |

| 2 | B    |

| 3 | C    |

| 4 | D    |

| 5 | E    |

| 6 | F    |

+----+------+

6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

Slave：

MariaDB [r2]> select * from r2;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | A    |

| 2 | B    |

| 3 | C    |

| 4 | D    |

| 5 | E    |

| 6 | F    |

+----+------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

上面可以得出：r1同步失敗之后，不影響r2的同步。想要r1同步正常，則需要忽略即跳過該錯(cuò)誤。如：

MariaDB [r1]> stop slave 'r1';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> set @@default_master_connection='r1'; #這里是重點(diǎn)：指定一個(gè)通道，然后用單通道的sql_slave_skip_counter。

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> select @@default_master_connection;

+-----------------------------+

| @@default_master_connection |

+-----------------------------+

| r1                          |

+-----------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> SET GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter =1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> start slave 'r1';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> show slave 'r1' status/G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.51

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 993

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r1.000006

                Relay_Log_Pos: 396

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 993

              Relay_Log_Space: 1731

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 1

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> select * from r1;

+----+------+

| id | name |

+----+------+

| 1 | a    |

| 2 | b    |

| 3 | c    |

| 4 | d    |

| 5 | e    |

| 6 | f    |

+----+------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

看到跳過/忽略錯(cuò)誤之后，r1的復(fù)制就正常了。

從上面的測試上說明，在用多主一從的復(fù)制時(shí)，需要保證各個(gè)主的Master Schema 要唯一，不能有重復(fù)。

最后再看看如何初始化：

MariaDB [r1]> show all slaves status/G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

              Connection_name: r1

              Slave_SQL_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.51

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1376

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r1.000006

                Relay_Log_Pos: 779

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin51.000013

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1376

              Relay_Log_Space: 2114

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 1

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

         Retried_transactions: 0

           Max_relay_log_size: 104857600

         Executed_log_entries: 39

    Slave_received_heartbeats: 4

       Slave_heartbeat_period: 1800.000

               Gtid_Slave_Pos:

*************************** 2. row ***************************

              Connection_name: r2

              Slave_SQL_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.200.52

                  Master_User: rep

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin_52.000106

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 893

               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin-r2.000005

                Relay_Log_Pos: 1183

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin_52.000106

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 893

              Relay_Log_Space: 1633

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id: 2

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

                   Using_Gtid: No

                  Gtid_IO_Pos:

         Retried_transactions: 0

           Max_relay_log_size: 104857600

         Executed_log_entries: 28

    Slave_received_heartbeats: 4

       Slave_heartbeat_period: 1800.000

               Gtid_Slave_Pos:

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#單個(gè)通道初始化

MariaDB [r1]> reset slave 'r1' all;

ERROR 1198 (HY000): This operation cannot be performed as you have a running slave 'r1'; run STOP SLAVE 'r1' first

MariaDB [r1]> stop slave 'r1';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> reset slave 'r1' all;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> stop slave 'r2';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> reset slave 'r2' all;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> show all slaves status/G;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

#所有通道初始化

MariaDB [r1]> stop all slaves;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.05 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> show warnings;

+-------+------+--------------------+

| Level | Code | Message            |

+-------+------+--------------------+

| Note | 1938 | SLAVE 'r2' stopped |

| Note | 1938 | SLAVE 'r1' stopped |

+-------+------+--------------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [r1]> reset slave all;   #執(zhí)行時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)只能讓r1初始化，不能初始化r2。所以初始化還是要單通道執(zhí)行。

總結(jié)：

      經(jīng)過上面的測試，實(shí)現(xiàn)了多個(gè)主實(shí)例的數(shù)據(jù)同步到一個(gè)從實(shí)例，這個(gè)就可以把集中做分析的數(shù)據(jù)表同步到一起進(jìn)行分析處理，大大減少了數(shù)據(jù)的中間處理時(shí)間和安全，這里還有一點(diǎn)特別注意的是，在同步數(shù)據(jù)庫的時(shí)候可以用過濾選項(xiàng)（Replicate_Do_Table、Replicate_Ignore_Table、Replicate_Wild_Do_Table、Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table），看著需要同步自己需要的表，不需要把沒必要的也同步過來。

（編輯：武林網(wǎng)）

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