Ruby的初學(xué)者都需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，這樣在工作中才能做出出色的產(chǎn)品，今天武林技術(shù)頻道將和大家介紹Ruby常用文件操作方法，希望對(duì)你學(xué)習(xí)有幫助！
?
一、新建文件
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
??? f=File.new(File.join("C:","Test.txt"), "w+")
??? f.puts("I am Jack")
??? f.puts("Hello World")
文件模式
"r" ：Read-only. Starts at beginning of file (default mode).
"r+" ：Read-write. Starts at beginning of file.
"w" ：Write-only. Truncates existing file to zero length or creates a new file for writing.
"w+" ：Read-write. Truncates existing file to zero length or creates a new file for reading and writing.
"a" ：Write-only. Starts at end of file if file exists; otherwise, creates a new file for writing.
"a+" ：Read-write. Starts at end of file if file exists; otherwise, creates a new file for reading and writing.
"b" ：(DOS/Windows only.) Binary file mode. May appear with any of the key letters listed above
?
二、讀取文件
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
??? file=File.open(File.join("C:","Test.txt"),"r")
??? file.each { |line| print "#{file.lineno}.", line }
??? file.close
三、新建、刪除、重命名文件
?
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
?
??? File.new( "books.txt", "w" )
??? File.rename( "books.txt", "chaps.txt" )
??? File.delete( "chaps.txt" )
四、目錄操作
1???? 創(chuàng)建目錄
?
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
?
??? Dir.mkdir("c:/testdir")
???? #刪除目錄
???? Dir.rmdir("c:/testdir")
???? #查詢(xún)目錄里的文件
???? p Dir.entries(File.join("C:","Ruby")).join(' ')
???? #遍歷目錄
???? Dir.entries(File.join("C:","Ruby")).each {
????????? |e| puts e
??? }
1、ARGV and ARGF
?
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
?
ARGV
??? ARGV << "cnblogslink.txt"
??? #The gets method is a Kernel method that gets lines from ARGV
??? print while gets
??? p ARGV.class
?
ARGF
??? while line = ARGF.gets
???? print line
??? end
2、文件信息查詢(xún)
?
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
?
??? #文件是否存在
??? p File::exists?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true
??? #是否是文件
??? p File.file?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true
??? #是否是目錄
??? p File::directory?( "c:/
ruby" ) # => true
??? p File::directory?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false
??? #文件權(quán)限
??? p File.readable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true
??? p File.writable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true
??? p File.executable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false
??? #是否是零長(zhǎng)度
??? p File.zero?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false
??? #文件大小 bytes
??? p File.size?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => 74
??? p File.size( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => 74
??? #文件或文件夾
??? p File::ftype( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => "file"
??? #文件創(chuàng)建、修改、最后一次存取時(shí)間
??? p File::ctime( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:05:07 +0800 2009
??? p File::mtime( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:06:34 +0800 2009
??? p File::atime( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:05:07 +0800 2009
3、查找文件
?
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
?
??? puts "查找目錄下所有文件及文件夾"
??? Dir["c:/ruby/*"].each {|x|
????????? puts x
??? }
??? puts "條件查詢(xún)"
??? Dir.foreach('c:/ruby') {
??????? |x| puts x if x != "." && x != ".."
??? }
??? puts "查找某一類(lèi)型文件"
??? Dir["*.rb"].each {|x|
????? puts x
???? }
??? puts "Open 查詢(xún)"
??? Dir.open('c:/ruby') { |d| d.grep /l/ }.each{|x| puts x}
??? puts "---------------------------"?????
??? puts "正則表達(dá)式查詢(xún)"
??? Dir["c:/ruby/ruby/[rs]*"].each{|x| puts x}
??? puts "------------------------"
??? Dir["c:/ruby/[^s]*"].each{|x| puts x}
??? puts "------------------------"???
??? Dir["c:/ruby/{ruby,li}*"].each{|x| puts x}
??? puts "------------------------"???
??? Dir["c:/ruby/?b*"].each{|x| puts x}???????
??? puts "查找目錄及子目錄的文件"
??? require 'find'????
??? Find.find('./') { |path| puts path }
?
3、查詢(xún)目錄及子目錄文件
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
??? require "find"
Find.find("/etc/passwd", "/var/spool/lp1", ".") do |f|
? Find.prune if f == "."
? puts f
end
原型：ref.find( [ aName ]* ) {| aFileName | block }
prune：Skips the current file or directory, restarting the loop with the next entry. If the current file is a directory, that directory will not be recursively entered. Meaningful only within the block associated with Find::find.
?
4、文件比較 復(fù)制等
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
??? require 'ftools'
??? File.copy 'testfile', 'testfile1'? ? true
??? File.compare 'testfile', 'testfile1'? ? true
看了武林技術(shù)頻道小編為大家整理的內(nèi)容后，相信大家對(duì)于Ruby常用文件操作方法已經(jīng)完全明白了，希望大家繼續(xù)支持武林技術(shù)頻道！
